EFEKTIVITAS DAN POTENSI RISIKO PHYSICAL DISTANCING PADA MASA PANDEMI
Joko Tri Atmojo(1*)
Ahmad Rois Syujak(2)
Daryanto Daryanto(3)
Sita Wahyu Dwi Jayanti(4)
Suciyati Suciyati(5)
Heni Ernawati(6)
Sri Iswahyuni(7)
Rejo Rejo(8)
Catur Setyorini(9)
Kiki Puspitasary(10)
Lilik Hanifah(11)
Sri Sayekti Heni Sunaryanti(12)
Tri Yuniarti(13)
Isnani Nurhayati(14)
Sri Widayati(15)
Widodo Widodo(16)
Paidi Paidi(17)
Ndaru Syukma Putra(18)
Mega Puspita Sari(19)
Anggie Pradana Putri(20)
Saras Kuntari(21)
Rina Tri Handayani(22)
Aquartuti Tri Darmayanti(23)
Aris Widiyanto(24)
Ahmad Syauqi Mubarok(25) (1) , Indonesia
(2) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(3) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(4) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(5) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(6) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(7) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(8) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(9) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(10) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(11) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(12) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(13) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(14) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(15) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(16) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(17) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(18) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(19) Satgas COVID-19 STIKES Mamba ul Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(20) National Taipei University of Nursing and Health SciencesTaiwan,
(21) Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit, Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Klaten, Indonesia
(22) Himpunan Alumni Magister Psikologi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia
(23) Ikatan Alumni Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
(24) Ikatan Alumni Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
(25) Ikatan Alumni Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Tujuan: Tinjauan sistematis ini akan membahas mengenai efektifitas dan potensi risiko dari physical distancingberdasarkan laporan dari kasus pandemic MERS dan COVID-19.
Metode: Proses pencarian artikel melalui basis data sejak Januari-Maret 2021 melalui berbagai basis data: PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, dan Google Scholar dengan rentang publikasi artikel antara tahun 2010-2020. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah “Physical distancing and COVID-19” ATAU “social distancing and COVID-19”, ATAU “physical distancing and MERS and COVID-19“ ATAU “physical distancing and infectious disease” ATAU “efektifitas penjarakan sosial dan COVID-19”.
Hasil:Physical distancing dapat mengurangi risiko kejadian MERS sebanyak 0.23 kali RR= 0.23 (95% CI = 0.04 – 1.20) dan SARS-CoV2 atau COVID-19 sebesar 0.20 kali RR= 0.20 (95% CI = 0.10 – 0.41). Efek jangka panjang physical distancing adalah meningkatkan kemungkinan kecemasan, depresi, psikosis dan gangguan neuropsikiatriyang sama seperti pandemi flu pada awal abad ke-20.
Simpulan: Menjaga jarak fisik dan interaksi sosial merupakan salah satu upaya pengendalian infeksi dengan tujuan melemahkan dan melandaikan kurva pandemi. Upaya lain yang harus dilakukan bersamaan dengan physical distancing antara lain: memakai masker, sering mencuci tangan di air mengalir menggunakan sabun, menjauhi kerumunan, dan selalu menerapkan kebersihan diri.
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.36419/avicenna.v4i1.460
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