Intervensi terintegrasi laktasi dan kesehatan mental pada ibu nifas awal: Scoping review

Mail Anita Dewi Lieskusumastuti(1*)
Mail Tri Yuniarti(2)
Mail Dwi Lestari(3)
Mail Andriani Noerlita Ningrum(4)
Mail Isna Nur Atika(5)


(1) Dosen Prodi S1 Kebidanan STIKES Mamba’ul ‘Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(2) Dosen Prodi D3 Keperawatan STIKES Mamba’ul ‘Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(3) Dosen Prodi D3 Kebidanan STIKES Mamba’ul ‘Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(4) Dosen Prodi S1 Farmasi STIKES Mamba’ul ‘Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(5) Mahasiswa Prodi S1 Kebidanan STIKES Mamba’ul ‘Ulum Surakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Latar belakang: Pada masa nifas, ibu sering menghadapi hambatan menyusui bersamaan dengan perubahan psikologis, terutama pada periode awal pascapersalinan. Kondisi ini dapat memengaruhi keberlanjutan menyusui sekaligus meningkatkan risiko masalah kesehatan mental, sehingga dibutuhkan layanan postpartum yang lebih terpadu. Tujuan: Scoping review ini memetakan bukti ilmiah mengenai intervensi terintegrasi dukungan laktasi dan komponen kesehatan mental pada ibu postpartum/nifas, khususnya periode awal. Metode: Studi dilakukan mengikuti pedoman JBI dan PRISMA-ScR. Pencarian literatur menggunakan strategi MeSH dan kata kunci pada Wiley, ScienceDirect, dan PubMed untuk artikel tahun 2016–2026 berbahasa Indonesia/Inggris. Seleksi dilakukan bertahap (judul, abstrak, full-text) berdasarkan kriteria inklusi-eksklusi. Data diekstraksi menggunakan formulir charting terstruktur dan kualitas studi dinilai menggunakan JBI. Hasil: Dari 2544 artikel yang diseleksi, 12 artikel memenuhi kriteria intervensi terintegrasi (luaran menyusui dan kesehatan mental). Mayoritas studi adalah RCT (75%), dengan kualitas didominasi grade A (58,3%) dan grade B (41,7%). Intervensi terkelompok dalam enam tema: intervensi segera setelah lahir, dukungan menyusui yang berdampak pada depresi postpartum, intervensi komunitas/kunjungan, intervensi digital/mHealth, coparenting, serta relaksasi/manajemen stres berbasis menyusui. Luaran menyusui umumnya membaik, sedangkan luaran mental lebih konsisten membaik pada intervensi dengan komponen psikologis aktif. Simpulan: Bukti intervensi terintegrasi pada nifas awal masih terbatas dan terkonsentrasi pada RCT serta intervensi berbasis fasilitas/digital. Penguatan layanan nifas awal perlu menekankan integrasi dukungan menyusui dan dukungan psikologis aktif, melibatkan keluarga, serta menyediakan alur tindak lanjut dan rujukan yang jelas agar keberlanjutan menyusui dan kesehatan mental ibu lebih terjaga.

Keywords


nifas awal; laktasi; kesehatan mental; intervensi terintegrasi; scoping review

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.36419/avicenna.v9i1.1755

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